wall materials bricks

There are many types of wall materials, but due to the low price of bricks and their ability to meet certain building functional requirements, bricks account for about 90% of wall materials. According to the different raw materials used, there are sintered ordinary bricks, fly ash bricks, and autoclaved lime sand bricks.

1. Sintered ordinary bricks

Solid bricks made mainly from clay, shale, coal gangue, fly ash, etc., after being extracted, prepared, made into blanks, dried, and roasted, are divided into clay bricks, shale bricks, coal gangue bricks, etc. according to the main raw materials. The technical requirements for sintered ordinary bricks include: external dimensions, compressive strength, weathering resistance, and appearance quality.

(1) The external dimensions of bricks; 240mm long, 50mm wide, and 53mm high.

(2) The compressive strength of bricks; The strength grades of bricks are divided into five levels: MU30, MU25, MU20, MUl5, and MU10. The division method is based on the average compressive strength and standard strength values of 10 bricks.

(3) The weathering resistance of bricks: refers to the performance of bricks in resisting climate changes such as dry and wet changes, temperature changes, freeze-thaw changes, etc.

(4) The appearance quality of bricks: According to the inspection results of brick size deviation, crack length, color, frost, lime burst, etc., it is divided into three product levels: excellent product, first-class product, and qualified product.

2. Fly ash bricks

Fly ash brick is a solid brick made mainly from fly ash and lime, mixed with an appropriate amount of gypsum and slag, mixed with water to make a billet, pressed and formed, and then cured by high-pressure or atmospheric steam.

(1) The nominal dimensions of bricks are: 240mm in length, 115mm in width, and 53mm in height.

(2) According to the requirements for compressive strength, flexural strength, and aging resistance of bricks, they are divided into five levels: MU30, MU25, MU20, MUl5, and MUlO.

(3) According to the appearance quality and drying shrinkage value of bricks, they can be divided into excellent products, first-class products, and qualified products. Fly ash bricks can be used for walls and foundations in industrial and civil buildings, but bricks with a strength grade of MUl5 or higher must be used for foundations or for building parts that are susceptible to freeze-thaw and dry wet alternation. Fly ash bricks shall not be used in building parts that are subjected to long-term heating (above 200 ℃), rapid cooling, rapid heating, and acidic medium erosion.

3. Steam pressed lime sand bricks

Autoclaved lime sand brick is a solid wall material made mainly from lime and sand, which is prepared from raw materials, pressed into shape, and steamed and cured.

(1) The dimensions of the bricks are: 240 mm in length, 115 mm in width, and 53 mm in height.

(2) According to the requirements for compressive strength, flexural strength, and frost resistance of gray sand bricks, they are divided into four levels: MU25, MU20, MU15, and MU10.

(3) According to the strength and appearance of gray sand bricks, they can be divided into three levels: superior bricks, first-class bricks, and qualified bricks. Autoclaved gray sand bricks of MU15 grade or above can be used for foundations or other building parts, while MU10 grade bricks can only be used for building parts above the moisture-proof layer. For building parts that are subjected to long-term heating above 200 ℃, rapid cooling, rapid heating, and acidic media erosion, autoclaved lime sand bricks shall not be used.